Density of Common Materials

Reference densities for metals, alloys, building materials, liquids, and gases, given in kg/m³, g/cm³, and lb/ft³. Click a column heading to sort by material name, density, or state. Every value lists the condition it was measured at and links to its source. Density changes with temperature, pressure, alloy composition, and moisture, so use the value at the condition that matches your problem.

		g/cm³	lb/ft³	Condition		Source
Dry air	1.204	0.001204	0.07516	20 °C, 1 atm	Gas	CRC Handbook
Pine (air-dried)	500	0.5	31.21	12% moisture, typical	Solid	CRC Handbook
Gasoline	745	0.745	46.51	15 °C, liquid, typical	Liquid	CRC Handbook
Oak (air-dried)	750	0.75	46.82	12% moisture, typical	Solid	CRC Handbook
Ethanol	789	0.789	49.26	20 °C, liquid	Liquid	PubChem (NIH)
Olive oil	915	0.915	57.12	20 °C, liquid	Liquid	CRC Handbook
Ice	917	0.917	57.25	0 °C, solid	Solid	CRC Handbook
Water (pure)	1,000	1	62.43	4 °C, liquid (max density)	Liquid	USGS Water Science School
Rubber	1,100	1.1	68.67	room temp, typical	Solid	CRC Handbook
Concrete	2,400	2.4	149.8	cured, typical	Solid	CRC Handbook
Glass (window)	2,500	2.5	156.1	room temp, typical	Solid	CRC Handbook
Aluminum	2,700	2.7	168.6	20 °C, solid	Metal	RSC Periodic Table
Granite	2,700	2.7	168.6	room temp, typical	Solid	CRC Handbook
Titanium	4,506	4.506	281.3	20 °C, solid	Metal	RSC Periodic Table
Cast iron	7,200	7.2	449.5	room temp, typical	Metal	CRC Handbook
Carbon steel	7,850	7.85	490.1	room temp, typical	Metal	CRC Handbook
Iron	7,870	7.87	491.3	20 °C, solid	Metal	RSC Periodic Table
Stainless steel	8,000	8	499.4	room temp, typical	Metal	CRC Handbook
Brass	8,500	8.5	530.6	room temp, typical	Metal	CRC Handbook
Bronze	8,800	8.8	549.4	room temp, typical	Metal	CRC Handbook
Copper	8,960	8.96	559.4	20 °C, solid	Metal	RSC Periodic Table
Lead	11,300	11.3	705.4	20 °C, solid	Metal	RSC Periodic Table
Mercury	13,534	13.53	844.9	20 °C, liquid	Liquid	RSC Periodic Table
Gold	19,300	19.3	1205	20 °C, solid	Metal	RSC Periodic Table

Sources & method. Element densities come from the Royal Society of Chemistry periodic table, water from the USGS Water Science School, and pure compounds from PubChem (NIH). Alloy, building-material, and gas values are typical figures from the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (97th ed.) and vary with composition, temperature, and moisture content. The g/cm³ and lb/ft³ columns are derived from the kg/m³ value (1 kg/m³ ≈ 0.0624 lb/ft³), so the three columns are always consistent.

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