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How It Works
Specific volume (v = V/m) is the volume occupied by one unit of mass — the reciprocal of density. It is widely used in thermodynamics to describe gases and steam. You can rearrange the equation to find total volume (V = v·m) or mass (m = V/v).
Example Problem
Steam at a certain pressure occupies 2.5 m³ and has a mass of 1.5 kg. What is its specific volume?
- v = 2.5 / 1.5 = 1.667 m³/kg
Frequently Asked Questions
How is specific volume related to density?
Specific volume is the reciprocal of density: v = 1/ρ. If density is 1,000 kg/m³, specific volume is 0.001 m³/kg.
Why is specific volume important in thermodynamics?
Steam tables and gas equations of state use specific volume because it describes the state of a substance independent of the total amount present.
What are typical units for specific volume?
The SI unit is m³/kg. In imperial systems, ft³/lb is common. For gases at standard conditions, specific volumes are much larger than for liquids.
Related Calculators
- Density Calculator — calculate density (the reciprocal of specific volume).
- Specific Gravity Calculator — compare density ratios.
- Ideal Gas Law Calculator — find volume, pressure, and temperature relationships.
- Thermal Expansion Calculator — see how volume changes with temperature.
- Density Converter — convert density and specific volume units.
Reference: Lindeburg, Michael R. 1992. Engineer In Training Reference Manual. Professional Publication, Inc. 8th Edition.